Electron Symbol e⁻

The electron symbol e⁻ combines a lowercase e with superscript minus to show a negatively charged electron. Representative uses include e⁻; β⁻ → e⁻; Na → Na⁺ + e⁻. These examples keep Electron Symbol tied to particle equations, redox reactions, atomic physics rather than to a broad visual resemblance. It is not Euler’s number e, the elementary-charge quantity e, an email icon, or the chemical symbol for an element. For lookalike control, the page notes e⁺ — Positron (positive electron antiparticle); e — Elementary charge symbol (quantity or base letter). Because the compared forms have different names or functions, replacing e⁻ on the Electron Symbol page requires an explicit notation or editorial reason. For Electron Symbol, those checks take priority over minor font variation because they protect both the encoded form U+0065 U+207B and its intended use. It is not Euler’s number e, the elementary-charge quantity e, an email icon, or the chemical symbol for an element; In chemistry lessons, compare e⁻ with e⁺ and choose the form whose meaning matches the source. For web text, the saved decimal form is e ⁻, the hexadecimal form is e ⁻, and the CSS escape is 65 207B. Literal UTF-8 is appropriate for Electron Symbol when the destination preserves the complete U+0065 U+207B form of e⁻. On Mac, Open Character Viewer with Control+Command+Space and search for the character name, or copy e⁻ from this page. Mobile and Chromebook workflows should preserve the same encoded sequence. This treatment stays within the evidence already saved for Electron Symbol: exact identity, documented use cases, and formatting checks. This Electron Symbol entry stays within the uses supported by its cited sources and does not assign broader symbolism to e⁻.